International Journal of Human Movement Science
ISSN : 1976-4391 (print)
ISSN : 2586-078X (online)
ISSN : 1976-4391 (print)
ISSN : 2586-078X (online)
Effects of Therapeutic Strengthening Exercises and Postural Modification in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain and DisabilityMaria B. Kimball , Kyung-mo Han 2(2) 103-114, 2008
TitleEffects of Therapeutic Strengthening Exercises and Postural Modification in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain and Disability
Maria B. Kimball , Kyung-mo Han DOI: AbstractDisorders of the spine are costly and prevalent, and treatment can be difficult. The primary goal of therapeutic intervention for back and neck pain is to reduce pain and improve functional ability. Correcting faulty posture through exercise is one of many treatment approaches for decreasing symptoms of back pain, yet research is lacking to validate the effectiveness of such treatment. To justify the clinical use of postural correction and exercises commonly used to treat back pain, research must demonstrate a positive relationship between postural interventions and improvement of the patients` pain and disability. The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of the Pneu-BackTM treatment protocol with therapeutic exercise to therapeutic exercise alone on back pain and disability, and posture. The independent variable is treatment (Pneu- BackTM treatment protocol with therapeutic exercise verses therapeutic exercise verses no treatment) and dependent variables are pain, disability, and posture. Sixty-four people with chronic back or neck pain (more than 3 months) were randomly assigned to three groups: Group 1 received the Pneu-BackTM treatment protocol; Group 2 received instruction and supervision in back and neck exercises and posture modification; and Group 3 received no intervention of any kind. Pain, disability and posture were measured pre, mid, and post intervention. Random coefficient growth curves were used to determine differences between groups. Subjects in the treatment groups significantly improved in pain and disability scores compared to the control group (p<.0001), but there was no difference in improvement between the treatment groups. The addition on the Pneu-BackTM chair exercise had no additional effect on treatment outcomes. There were no consistent trends in posture changes among the groups. Key WordsPneu-BackTM, Pneu-M.A.P.TM, posture evaluation |
Measurement and Comparison of Taekwondo Body Height and Face height Roundhouse KickDavid O`sullivan , Chul Soo Chung , In Sik Shin , Eui Hwan Kim , Sung Chul Kang , Tae Whan Kim 2(2) 115-121, 2008
TitleMeasurement and Comparison of Taekwondo Body Height and Face height Roundhouse Kick
David O`sullivan , Chul Soo Chung , In Sik Shin , Eui Hwan Kim , Sung Chul Kang , Tae Whan Kim DOI: AbstractThe main purpose of this research was to investigate and compare the factors affecting the impact characteristics of body height and head height roundhouse kick of Taekwondo (TKD) players. In this study, 5 highly skilled TKD players participated. To measure the impact force, two accelerometers were fixed to a PVC pipe in a sandbag while the Viconⓒ motion analysis system captures the motion. Each subject performed 10 turning kicks trunk and face height in random order. Only the trial with the most accurate (most central impact) measurement was used in the statistical analysis (α <0.05). For impact force, there was a significant difference according to the height approximately 6400±898N for the mid section and 5419±659N for the high section of TKD. With this reliable method of measuring high impact forces, due to the roundhouse kick, it is possible to investigate the differences of impacts due to various techniques i.e. punching power, kicking power, etc. Through this impact estimation from roundhouse kicking, different expected impact forces according to a players` weight division may be established. Thus, the safety provided by current martial arts suppliers may be investigated in the future. Key WordsTurning kick, impact force, Taekwondo, Yongmudo |
Functional Changes in Rat Achilles tendon Following Collagenase Injury and Manual Soft Tissue MobilizationYoung Tae Lim 2(2) 123-134, 2008
TitleFunctional Changes in Rat Achilles tendon Following Collagenase Injury and Manual Soft Tissue Mobilization
Young Tae Lim DOI: AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the functional changes due to the Graston Therapeutic Technique (GTT) in an animal model. Eighteen adults, male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly to three groups. The groups were classified as follows: (a) no injured plus GTT treatment, (b) injured minus GTT treatment, (c) injured plus GTT treatment. The GTT therapy began after one week following injury to allow for optimum inflammation and scar formation. The animals receiving GTT had six treatments over the course of two weeks. Running tests were performed on a treadmill at a velocity of 22 cm/s prior to induction of injury, one week following injury, two weeks following injury, and three weeks following injury in the experimental groups. Variables analyzed were knee and ankle range of motion (ROM), stride length (SL), and stride frequency (SF). Significance of effect between experimental groups were determined by repeated measures one-way ANOVA. The SL and SF results of the present study appeared to indicate that GTT had an effect on changes in the SL and SF after injury. Statistical analysis between observations for the GTT plus groups indicated a significant difference in the swing phase of knee ROM. The results of this study also indicated that the GTT might have had an influence on knee joint ROM. Key WordsManual massage, manual therapy, scar tissue, flexibility, rehabilitation |
Biomechanical Gender Differences on Knee Joint Angle and Valgus Motion of Highschool Basketball Players in Rebound Landing TaskBee Oh Lim 2(2) 135-146, 2008
TitleBiomechanical Gender Differences on Knee Joint Angle and Valgus Motion of Highschool Basketball Players in Rebound Landing Task
Bee Oh Lim DOI: AbstractGender differences in knee joint angle and valgus motion were previously identified as a possible risk factor for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in sports. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender differences in knee joint angle and valgus motion of youth basketball players in a rebound-landing task. Three-dimensional videographic data were collected for 12 male and 12 female adolescent basketball players between 15 and 17 years of age performing a rebound landing task. The gender differences on knee joint angle and valgus motions were compared using Independent t-test. Female basketball players have increased knee joint angles and decreased knee valgus motions during the landing phase of the rebound landing task compared to those of their male counterparts. The results of this study provide significant information for research on the prevention of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Key WordsAnterior cruciate ligament, biomechanics, gender differences, female basketball player |
The Attitudes of Teachers on Sport Socialization of Students with Disabilities:Ji Tae Kim 2(2) 147-158, 2008
TitleThe Attitudes of Teachers on Sport Socialization of Students with Disabilities:
Ji Tae Kim DOI: AbstractWith the development of legal mandates for including students with disabilities in educational and social areas (e.g., physical activity programs and leisure services), the positive or negative attitude of teachers about inclusion of students with disabilities plays an important role in sports socialization of students with disabilities. Although most studies have assessed the attitudes of teachers on students with disabilities, they have not addressed a comparison of cultural perspectives regarding the attitude of teachers instructing students without disabilities. This study was undertaken to explore the connection between teachers of students without disabilities and the disabled students` sport participation in schools or in society, and to compare the attitudes of Korean and American teachers toward sports socialization of students with disabilities. Participants consisted of 15 Korean teachers and 15 American teachers. A questionnaire, modified from the version of Kozub and Poretta (1998) regarding the coaches` attitudes, and an interview technique were used for this study. This study indicated that the Korean teachers have more negative attitudes about sports socialization for students with disabilities than the American teacher in terms of the differences of the teachers` experience with special education and teachers` experience of a connection to family or friend with disabilities. A large sample size is needed for further study. Key WordsSport socialization, student with disability, teachers` attitudes |
Socio-cultural Factors Affecting Leisure in Korea: A Conceptual Approach of Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Racial IdentityTae Gyou Ko 2(2) 159-168, 2008
TitleSocio-cultural Factors Affecting Leisure in Korea: A Conceptual Approach of Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Racial Identity
Tae Gyou Ko DOI: AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to examine socio-cultural factors that affect personal leisure values and involvements today in Korea: gender, sexual orientation (LGBT: lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgender), and racial identity. It summarizes current trends of leisure with respect to the relevant groups mentioned above. Progress in this field has been striking with respect to expanded leisure opportunities for girls and women in sports, outdoor recreation, and other leisure activities in the Korean society. Sexual orientation affects leisure pursuits in a number of ways. The majority of Koreans are still ignoring the LGBT group, while favorable attitudes toward them are gradually increasing. Racial identity has also limited many overseas laborers from full participation in organized leisure services and continues to influence their leisure involvement. This paper highlights these three issues mentioned above within the context of Korea. Key WordsLeisure, gender, women, sexual-orientation, racial groups |
Development of Cultural Enterprise in the Marine City Busan by Hosting Mega Sports EventsKeun Mo Lee , Kuk Wong Seo , Yun Ae Jeon , Jeong Ok Yang 2(2) 169-185, 2008
TitleDevelopment of Cultural Enterprise in the Marine City Busan by Hosting Mega Sports Events
Keun Mo Lee , Kuk Wong Seo , Yun Ae Jeon , Jeong Ok Yang DOI: AbstractThe purpose of this was to analyze how the international events hosted so far affected the development of local society through economic, cultural, and social ripple effects and how infrastructure of facilities and human capitals as the result of hosting sports events affected sports culture. Also developmental strategies to ensure local identity and host mega sports events for local economy and cultural development was discussed in the light of growing cultural enterprise in the marine city Busan. Busan city decided to invite the Olympic Games in 2020 as a part of Visions and Strategies for Busan Development 2020 and planned to submit the application for candidate cities to the government and KOC until November. If the Olympics is invited, the direct ripple effect on the national economy is estimated 20 trillion 290 billion won and the number of jobs created will be 115 thousand. According to the result from the feasibility study of hosting the Olympic Games in 2020, the direct ripple effects was estimated 12 trillion 743.8 billion won of production, 115 thousand of jobs, 2 trillion 329.2 billion won of incomes, and 5 trillion 232.2 billion won of added value. Hosting mega sports events is the communication media with strong ripple effects like economic effects, industrial development, regional development, international exchange and the activation of culture and art. Also it can create own local color through the forming local identity. The local cultural assets created can give history and pride to its people and also have the function to transfer local value industrially. Key WordsSports events, sports for all, culture policy, social, economic and cultural devel-opment |
Korean Sports Communication with Global WarmingIn Seok Choi 2(2) 187-200, 2008
TitleKorean Sports Communication with Global Warming
In Seok Choi DOI: AbstractThis study aims at suggesting basic data needed in establishing communication strategy for Korean sports for continuous development and countermeasures against the problems of harmful effects of global warming. There have been repeated development and growth of sports through its popularity with the antinomy of exploitation and preservation and that became a help to global warming. Therefore, to take the lead in coping with the situation is considered to be a very important role of Korean sports. Thereupon, the following communication strategies for Korean sports were suggested in this study. First is establishment of ethical viewpoint of Korean sports as communal self. Second is legislation of compulsory environment-friendly sports activities for the constant efforts and changes in perception for Korean sports are limited. Third is taking the lead in seeking understanding and consent from every sector of society about confronting global warming since sports and environment are essential factors for health. Fourth is construction of model and system for an advanced sports country not a sports power that suggests new growth power for preoccupying another competitiveness of Korean sports in the future. Key WordsGlobal warming, Korean sports, Korean sports communication |